THE thunderous devices which now pass for fireworks can partially, and sometimes totally, deafen babies and young children, as there is no way of protecting them from the auditory onslaught, even if they are kept indoors.

The low frequencies emitted by the explosions which are built into modern fireworks occupy the crucial area around and below the threshold of pain.

This means that there are additional deep sounds which cannot be heard. Between them, these types of frequency can cause not only "heavy metal" deafness and lifelong tinnitus, but also disorganisation of the internal organs at a cellular level, with potentially catastrophic results.

This is why low-frequency sound has been used as a weapon in warfare.

The bombardment which was directed at every York resident on this last Bonfire Night was a disgrace. The council has a duty to safeguard the welfare of all its citizens, and that includes the very youngest. By refusing to fulfil that duty, it risks future claims for damages from the victims of its negligence.

Andrew Hold,

Wentworth College,

York University,

Heslington, York.

Updated: 11:44 Tuesday, November 09, 2004